Carver, C. S. (in press). Negative affects deriving from the behavioral approach system. Emotion.
Does the behavioral approach system (BAS) relate to the experience
of any negative affects, or are all negative affects tied to the
behavioral inhibition system (BIS)? In Study 1, self-reported Fun
Seeking predicted reports of greater frustration and sadness after
frustrative non-reward. In Study 2, self-reported Reward Responsiveness
predicted reports of greater anger in response to scenarios. In Study
3, self-reported Drive predicted reports of greater anger after the
terrorist attacks of September 2001. In no case did BIS sensitivity
contribute uniquely to these affects, though BIS predicted nervousness
in Study 2 and fear in Study 3. Discussion focuses on the role of
frustration and anger in effortful pursuit of goals and depressed
affect in disengagement from goals.
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